The most modern format of medicine of the Digital World
Treatment combo Sessions of Modern Medicine in Digital format - E
The frequencies used in these sessions are based upon Rife sets for resonant therapy devices masked in Algorithmic piano music.
More information regarding the items in the list is given below the list.
List of Treatment combo Sessions of Modern Medicine in Digital format for problems/products available at us for just Rs. 1,000/- for any 5 sessions from any one or multiple Treatment combo Sessions for 30 doses per session (2 times a day for 15 days) in max 15 days.
1) Ear Diseases
2) Eating Disorders
3) Eaton-Lambert Syndrome
4) Ebstein Anomaly
5) Ecchymosis
6) Echinococcosis
7) Eclampsia
8) Ecthyma Contagious
9) Ectropion
10) Eczema
11) Edema
12) Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
13) Emphysema Pulmonary
14) Empty Sella Syndrome
15) Empyema Pleural
16) Encephalitis
17) Encephalitis Epidemic
18) Encephalopathy
19) Enchondromatosis
20) Encopresis
21) Endocarditis Bacterial
22) Endocrine Diseases
23) Endodontics
24) Endometriosis
25) Endoscopy
26) End-Stage Renal Disease
27) Enlarged Liver
28) Enterocolitis
29) Entrapment Neuropathy
30) Entropion
31) Ependymoma
32) Eperythrozoonosis
33) Epidermal Cyst
34) Epidermolysis Bullosa
35) Epididymitis
36) Epilepsy
37) Episiotomy
38) Epistaxis
39) Erysipelas
40) Erythema
41) Erythremia
42) Escherichia Coli Infections
43) Esophageal Atresia
44) Esophageal Diseases
45) Esophagitis
46) Esophagopharyngeal Diverticulum
47) Exophtalmic Goiter
48) Exostosis
49) Eye Abnormalities
50) Eye Hemorrhage
51) Eye Infections
* Eating disorders, such as obesity, anorexia, bulimia.
* Eaton-Lambert syndrome or Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a very
rare condition that affects the signals sent from the nerves to the muscles. It
means the muscles are unable to tighten (contract) properly, resulting in muscle
weakness and a range of other symptoms. About half of LEMS cases occur in
middle-aged or older people with lung cancer. The remaining cases aren't
associated with cancer and can start at any age. The main symptoms are weakness
in the legs, arms, neck and face, as well as problems with automatic body
functions, such as controlling blood pressure. Common symptoms include: aching
muscles, difficulty walking and climbing stairs, difficulty lifting objects or
raising the arms, drooping eyelids, dry eyes and blurred vision, swallowing
problems, dizziness upon standing, a dry mouth, constipation, erectile
dysfunction in men, strength that temporarily improves when exercising, only to
reduce as exercise continues. LEMS is caused by the body's natural defences (the
immune system) mistakenly attacking and damaging the nerves. Normally, nerve
signals travel down the nerves and stimulate the nerve endings to release a
chemical called acetylcholine. This chemical then helps activate the muscles. If
the nerve endings are damaged, the amount of acetylcholine they produce
decreases, which means nerve signals don't reach the muscles properly.
* Ebstein's anomaly is a malformed heart valve that does not properly close to
keep the blood flow moving in the right direction. Blood may leak back from the
lower to upper chambers on the right side of the heart. This syndrome also is
commonly seen with an atrial septal defect, or ASD (or a hole in the wall
dividing the two upper chambers of the heart). It accounts for less than 1% of
cases of congenital heart diseases. The anomaly is more common in twins and in
those with a family history of congenital heart disease. Environmental factors
found in studies include maternal exposure to benzodiazepines. Ebstein's anomaly
presents with a spectrum of congenital abnormalities of the tricuspid valve and
the right ventricle. Additional associated anomalies include bicuspid aortic
valves, pulmonary atresia or hypoplastic pulmonary artery, subaortic stenosis,
coarctation of the aorta, mitral valve prolapse, accessory mitral valve tissue
or muscle bands of the left ventricle, ventricular septal defects and pulmonary
stenosis. Presentation is often between the ages of 10 and 30 years but it can
present at various stages of life. Common symptoms are: Cyanosis, often
transient in neonatal life with recurrence in adult life but may appear for the
first time in adult life. In adult life, cyanosis progressively worsens and may
be transiently increased due to paroxysmal arrhythmias. Fatigue and dyspnoea due
to right ventricular failure and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction.
Palpitations and sudden cardiac death due to paroxysmal supraventricular
tachycardia or fatal ventricular arrhythmias.
* Ecchymosis, hematoma, bruise, the escape of blood into the tissues from
ruptured blood vessels.
* Echinococcosis is an infection caused by either the Echinococcus granulosus or
Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm. The infection is also called hydatid
disease. Humans become infected when they swallow the tapeworm eggs in
contaminated food. The eggs then form cysts inside the body. A cyst is a closed
pocket or pouch. The cysts keep growing, which leads to symptoms. E granulosus
is an infection caused by tapeworms found in dogs, and livestock such as sheep,
pigs, goats, and cattle. These tapeworms are around 2 to 7 mm long. The
infection is called cystic echinococcosis (CE). It leads to growth of cysts
mainly in the lungs and liver. Cysts can also be found in the heart, bones, and
brain. E multilocularis is the infection caused by tapeworms found in dogs,
cats, rodents, and foxes. These tapeworms are around 1 to 4 mm long. The
infection is called alveolar echinococcosis (AE). It is a life-threatening
condition because tumor-like growths form in the liver. Other organs, such as
the lungs and brain can be affected. Children or young adults are more prone to
get the infection. Cysts may produce no symptoms for 10 years or more. As the
disease advances and the cysts get larger, symptoms may include: Pain in the
upper right part of the abdomen (liver cyst). Increase in size of the abdomen
due to swelling (liver cyst). Bloody sputum (lung cyst). Chest pain (lung cyst).
Cough (lung cyst). Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) when cysts break open.
* Eclampsia is the onset of seizures (convulsions) in a woman with
pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy in which there is high
blood pressure and either large amounts of protein in the urine or other organ
dysfunction. Onset may be before, during, or after delivery. Most often it is
during the second half of pregnancy. The seizures are of the tonic–clonic type
and typically last about a minute. Following the seizure there is typically
either a period of confusion or coma. Complications include aspiration
pneumonia, cerebral hemorrhage, kidney failure, and cardiac arrest.
* Ectropion, in which the lower eyelid turns outwards.
* Ehler Danlos syndrome, group of disorders that affect connective tissues,
which are tissues that support the skin, bones, blood vessels, and other organs.
* Empty sella syndrome, condition in which the pituitary gland shrinks or
becomes flattened. It can be seen in 30% of the people over the age of 30 years.
* Encephalitis epidemic, also Encephalitis lethargica, is a disease
characterized by high fever, headache, double vision, delayed physical and
mental response, and lethargy. In acute cases, patients may enter coma. Patients
may also experience abnormal eye movements, upper body weakness, muscular pains,
tremors, neck rigidity, and behavioral changes including psychosis. The cause of
encephalitis lethargica is unknown. Between 1917 to 1928, an epidemic of
encephalitis lethargica spread throughout the world, but no recurrence of the
epidemic has since been reported. Postencephalitic Parkinson's disease may
develop after a bout of encephalitis-sometimes as long as a year after the
illness.
* Encephalitis, irritation and swelling (inflammation) of the brain, most often
due to infections.
* Encephalopathy is a term for any diffuse disease of the brain that alters
brain function or structure. Encephalopathy may be caused by infectious agent
(bacteria, virus, or prion), metabolic or mitochondrial dysfunction, brain tumor
or increased pressure in the skull, prolonged exposure to toxic elements
(including solvents, drugs, radiation, paints, industrial chemicals, and certain
metals), chronic progressive trauma, poor nutrition, or lack of oxygen or blood
flow to the brain. The hallmark of encephalopathy is an altered mental state.
Depending on the type and severity of encephalopathy, common neurological
symptoms are progressive loss of memory and cognitive ability, subtle
personality changes, inability to concentrate, lethargy, and progressive loss of
consciousness. Other neurological symptoms may include myoclonus (involuntary
twitching of a muscle or group of muscles), nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye
movement), tremor, muscle atrophy and weakness, dementia, seizures, and loss of
ability to swallow or speak.
* Enchondromatosis is a form of osteochondrodysplasia characterized by a
proliferation of enchondromas. An enchondroma is a type of noncancerous bone
tumor that begins in cartilage. Cartilage is the gristly connective tissue from
which most bones develop. Cartilage plays an important role in the growth
process. There are many different types of cartilage in the body. An enchondroma
most often affects the cartilage that lines the inside of the bones. It often
affects the tiny long bones of the hands and feet. It may also affect other
bones such as the thighbone (femur), upper arm bone (humerus), or one of the two
lower leg bones (tibia). Enchondromas are the most common type of hand tumor.
While it may affect a person at any age, it is most common between ages 10 and
20. It affects men and women equally. An enchondroma may not present symptoms at
all. The following are the most common symptoms of an enchondroma. However, each
person may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: Hand pain, if
the tumor is very large or if the affected bone has weakened and caused a hand
fracture. Enlargement of the affected finger. Slow bone growth in the affected
area.
* Encopresis, also known as paradoxical diarrhea, is voluntary or involuntary
fecal soiling in children who have usually already been toilet trained. Children
with encopresis often leak stool into their undergarments. This term is usually
applied to children, and where the symptom is present in adults, it is more
commonly known as fecal leakage (FL), fecal soiling or fecal seepage. Encopresis
is commonly caused by constipation, by reflexive withholding of stool, by
various physiological, psychological, or neurological disorders, or from surgery
(a somewhat rare occurrence).
* Endocarditis bacterial, also inefective endocarditis, is a form of
endocarditis. It is an inflammation of the inner tissues of the heart, the
endocardium, usually of the valves. It is caused by infectious agents, or
pathogens, which are largely bacterial but a few other organisms can also be
responsible. Before the age of modern antibiotics it was almost universally
fatal. The valves of the heart do not receive any dedicated blood supply. As a
result, defensive immune system mechanisms (such as white blood cells) cannot
directly reach the valves via the bloodstream. If an organism (such as bacteria)
attaches to a valve surface and forms a vegetation, the host's immune response
is blunted. Normally, blood flows smoothly through these valves. If they have
been damaged — from rheumatic fever, for example — the risk of bacterial
attachment is increased. Fever occurs in 97% of people; malaise and endurance
fatigue in 90% of people. A new or changing heart murmur, weight loss, and
coughing occurs in 35% of people. Vascular phenomena: septic embolism (causing
thromboembolic problems such as stroke or gangrene of fingers), Janeway lesions
(painless hemorrhagic cutaneous lesions on the palms and soles), intracranial
hemorrhage, conjunctival hemorrhage, splinter hemorrhages, kidney infarcts, and
splenic infarcts. Immunologic phenomena: Glomerulonephritis which allows for
blood and albumin to enter the urine, Osler's nodes (painful subcutaneous
lesions in the distal fingers), Roth's spots on the retina, positive serum
rheumatoid factor. Other signs may include; night sweats, rigors, anemia, spleen
enlargement.
* Endocrine diseases, arise either because of too much or too little or
sometimes no hormone.
* Endodontic therapy or root canal therapy is a sequence of treatment for the
infected pulp of a tooth which results in the elimination of infection and the
protection of the decontaminated tooth from future microbial invasion. Root
canals and their associated pulp chamber are the physical hollows within a tooth
that are naturally inhabited by nerve tissue, blood vessels and other cellular
entities which together constitute the dental pulp.
* Endometriosis, female health disorder that occurs when cells from the lining
of the womb (uterus) grow in other areas of the body.
* Endoscopy means looking inside and typically refers to looking inside the body
for medical reasons using an endoscope, an instrument used to examine the
interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. For treatment purposes the
endoscope may help perform tasks such as cauterization of a bleeding vessel,
widening a narrow esophagus, clipping off a polyp or removing a foreign object.
* End-stage renal disease refers to Stage 5 chronic kidnet disease (CKD); and
usually means the patient requires renal replacement therapy, which may involve
a form of dialysis, but ideally constitutes a kidney transplant. Previous
professional guidelines classified the severity of CKD in five stages, with
stage 1 being the mildest and usually causing few symptoms and stage 5 being a
severe illness with poor life expectancy if untreated. Chronic kidney disease
(CKD), also known as chronic renal disease, is progressive loss in kidney
function over a period of months or years. The symptoms of worsening kidney
function are not specific, and might include feeling generally unwell and
experiencing a reduced appetite. CKD is a long-term form of kidney disease;
thus, it is differentiated from acute kidney disease (acute kidney injury) in
that the reduction in kidney function must be present for over 3 months. CKD is
an internationally recognized public health problem affecting 5–10% of the world
population. Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine,
which is a breakdown product of muscle metabolism. Higher levels of creatinine
indicate a lower glomerular filtration rate and as a result a decreased
capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products. The most common recognised
cause of CKD is diabetes mellitus. Others include idiopathic (i.e. unknown
cause, often associated with small kidneys on renal ultrasound), hypertension,
and glomerulonephritis. Together, these cause about 75% of all adult cases. CKD
is initially without specific symptoms and is generally only detected as an
increase in serum creatinine or protein in the urine. As the kidney function
decreases: Blood pressure is increased due to fluid overload and production of
vasoactive hormones created by the kidney via, increasing one's risk of
developing hypertension and/or suffering from congestive heart failure. Urea
accumulates, leading to azotemia and ultimately uremia (symptoms ranging from
lethargy to pericarditis and encephalopathy). Potassium accumulates in the blood
(hyperkalemia with a range of symptoms including malaise and potentially fatal
cardiac arrhythmias). Erythropoietin synthesis is decreased causing anemia.
Fluid volume overload symptoms may range from mild edema to life-threatening
pulmonary edema. Hyperphosphatemia, due to reduced phosphate excretion, follows
the decrease in glomerular filtration. Hyperphosphatemia is associated with
increased cardiovascular risk, being a direct stimulus to vascular
calcification. Hypocalcemia, due to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency (caused
by stimulation of FGF-23 and reduction of renal mass), and resistance to the
calcemic action of parathyroid hormone. Metabolic acidosis (due to accumulation
of sulfates, phosphates, uric acid etc.) may cause altered enzyme activity by
excess acid acting on enzymes; and also increased excitability of cardiac and
neuronal membranes by the promotion of hyperkalemia due to excess acid
(acidemia). Acidosis is also due to decreased capacity to generate enough
ammonia from the cells of the proximal tubule. Iron deficiency anemia, which
increases in prevalence as kidney function decreases, is especially prevalent in
those requiring haemodialysis. It is multifactoral in cause, but includes
increased inflammation, reduction in erythropoietin, and hyperuricemia leading
to bone marrow suppression. Sexual dysfunction is very common in both men and
women with CKD. People with CKD suffer from accelerated atherosclerosis and are
more likely to develop cardiovascular disease than the general population.
* Enterocolitis or coloenteritis is an inflammation of the digestive tract,
involving enteritis of the small intestine and colitis of the colon. It may be
caused by various infections, with bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or other
causes. Common clinical manifestations of enterocolitis are frequent diarrheal
defecations, with or without nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, chills,
alteration of general condition. General manifestations are given by the
dissemination of the infectious agent or its toxins throughout the body, or –
most frequently – by significant losses of water and minerals, the consequence
of diarrhea and vomiting.
* Entrapment neuropathy, is a medical condition caused by direct pressure on a
nerve. It is known colloquially as a trapped nerve, though this may also refer
to nerve root compression (by a herniated disc, for example). Its symptoms
include pain, tingling, numbness and muscle weakness. The symptoms affect just
one particular part of the body, depending on which nerve is affected. Nerve
injury by a single episode of physical trauma is in one sense a compression
neuropathy but is not usually included under this heading. Tingling, numbness,
and/ or a burning sensation in the area of the body affected by the
corresponding nerve. These experiences may occur directly following insult or
may occur several hours or even days afterwards. Note that pain is not a common
symptom of nerve entrapment. A nerve may be compressed by prolonged or repeated
external force, such as sitting with one's arm over the back of a chair (radial
nerve), frequently resting one's elbows on a table (ulnar nerve), or an
ill-fitting cast or brace on the leg (peroneal nerve). Part of the patient's
body can cause the compression and the term entrapment neuropathy is used
particularly in this situation. The offending structure may be a well-defined
lesion such as a tumour (for example a lipoma, neurofibroma or metastasis), a
ganglion cyst or a haematoma. Alternatively, there may be expansion of the
tissues around a nerve in a space where there is little room for this to occur,
as is often the case in carpal tunnel syndrome. This may be due to weight gain
or peripheral oedema (especially in pregnancy), or to a specific condition such
as acromegaly, hypothyroidism or scleroderma and psoriasis. Some conditions
cause nerves to be particularly susceptible to compression. These include
diabetes, in which the blood supply to the nerves is already compromised,
rendering the nerve more sensitive to minor degrees of compression. The symptoms
and signs depend on which nerve is affected, where along its length the nerve is
affected, and how severely the nerve is affected. Positive sensory symptoms are
usually the earliest to occur, particularly tingling and neuropathic pain,
followed or accompanied by reduced sensation or complete numbness. Muscle
weakness is usually noticed later, and is often associated with muscle atrophy.
* Entropion, where the eyelid (usually the lower lid) folds inward.
* Ependymoma is a tumor that develops in the central nervous system. It forms
from the epndymal cells. The ependymoma tumor is slow growing, so the signs and
symptoms usually take time to show; it can sometimes take months. One of the top
symptoms of ependymoma is an increased pressure inside the skull, also known as
intracranial pressure. This is due to blockage in the ventricles, which is a
space in the brain that is filled with fluid. The cerebral spinal fluid is what
protects the brain and spinal cord, so when the tumor increases pressure in that
area, it can cause swelling. When this happens, signs like headaches, sickness /
vomiting and changes in sight will be shown. Other symptoms include swelling in
the nerves located in the back of the eye, neck pain, irritability, rapid and
jerky eye movements. Seizures and changes in behavior have also been noted as
symptoms of ependymoma.
* Eperythrozoonosis is an infection caused by hemophilic mycoplasma bacteria of
the genus Eperythrozoon. They rarely infect humans but it can be fatal for farm
animals and pets. The infection is mostly innocuous but in times of stress, e.g.
in the presence of another disease, it may cause an acute anemia accompanied by
jaundice and fever. There is no hemoglobinuria. The infection is spread by
insects and exposure to farm animals or mice feces. The disease may be seasonal
as a result. In many cases the disease is a subacute one with illthrift as the
main presenting sign. Infected humans may be asymptomatic or have various
clinical signs, including acute fever, anemia, and severe hemolytic jaundice,
especially in infected neonates. Pregnant women and newborns are reported to be
more vulnerable to the disease than others and to show more severe clinical
signs after infection. Symptoms of human infection are: fever, pneumonia,
coughing, mental confusion, agglutination.
* Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis. The epididymis is a coiled
tube inside the scrotum. It stores and carries sperm from the testicles to the
penis. Acute epididymitis lasts for 6 weeks or less. Chronic epididymitis lasts
longer than 6 weeks. Epididymitis may be caused by any of the following: A
urinary tract infection (UTI) that spreads to the epididymis. Urine that flows
backward from the urethra to the epididymitis. Use of heart medicine called
amiodarone. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as gonorrhea or
Chlamydia. The risks of epididymitis increases under these circumstances:
Urinary tract conditions that cause frequent UTIs. Having an indwelling urinary
catheter (thin, flexible tube inserted into the bladder and left in place to
drain urine). Recent surgery of the urinary tract. Physical strain that puts
pressure on the abdomen, such as heavy lifting. Prostate disorders such as
benign prostatic hypertrophy or prostatitis. Signs and symptoms of epididymitis
include: Pain or tenderness in the scrotum, abdomen, or groin. Redness or
swelling of the scrotum. Pain or burning during urination, or frequent
urination. Discharge from the penis or blood in the urine or semen. Fever.
* Episiotomy also known as perineotomy, is a surgical incision of the perineum
and the posterior vaginal wall generally done by a midwife or obstetrician
during second stage of labor to quickly enlarge the opening for the baby to pass
through. Episiotomy is done in an effort to prevent against soft-tissue tearing
which may involve the anal sphincter and rectum. Vaginal tears can occur during
childbirth, most often at the vaginal opening as the baby's head passes through,
especially if the baby descends quickly. Tears can involve the perineal skin or
extend to the muscles and the anal sphincter and anus.
* Epistaxis, nosebleed.
* Erectile dysfunction (ED) or impotence is sexual dysfunction characterized by
the inability to develop or maintain an erection of the penis during sexual
activity in humans. A penile erection is the hydraulic effect of blood entering
and being retained in sponge-like bodies within the penis. The process is most
often initiated as a result of sexual arousal, when signals are transmitted from
the brain to nerves in the penis. The most important organic causes of impotence
are cardiovascular disease and diabetes, neurological problems (for example,
trauma from prostatectomy surgery), hormonal insufficiencies (hypogonadism) and
drug side effects.
* Erysipelas, acute streptococcus bacterial infection of the upper dermis and
superficial lymphatics.
* Erythema, abnormal redness of the skin due to local congestion.
* Erythremia, (or Polycythemia vera) is a neoplasm in which the bone marrow
makes too many red blood cells. It may also result in the overproduction of
white blood cells and platelets. Most of the health concerns associated with
polycythemia vera are caused by the blood being thicker as a result of the
increased red blood cells. It is more common in the elderly and may be
symptomatic or asymptomatic. Common signs and symptoms include itching
(pruritus), and severe burning pain in the hands or feet that is usually
accompanied by a reddish or bluish coloration of the skin. Patients with
polycythemia vera are more likely to have gouty arthritis. Patients with
polycythemia vera can be asymptomatic. A classic symptom of polycythemia vera is
pruritus or itching, particularly after exposure to warm water (such as when
taking a bath), which may be due to abnormal histamine release or prostaglandin
production. Such itching is present in approximately 40% of patients with
polycythemia vera. Gouty arthritis may be present in up to 20% of patients.
Peptic ulcer disease is also common in patients with polycythemia vera; most
likely due to increased histamine from mast cells, but may be related to an
increased susceptibility to infection with the ulcer-causing bacterium H.
pylori. Another possible mechanism for the development for peptic ulcer is
increased histamine release and gastric hyperacidity related with polycythemia
vera. A classic symptom of polycythemia vera (and the related myeloproliferative
disease essential thrombocythemia) is erythromelalgia. This is a burning pain in
the hands or feet, usually accompanied by a reddish or bluish coloration of the
skin. Erythromelalgia is caused by an increased platelet count or increased
platelet "stickiness" (aggregation), resulting in the formation of tiny blood
clots in the vessels of the extremity; it responds rapidly to treatment with
aspirin. Patients with polycythemia vera are prone to the development of blood
clots (thrombosis). A major thrombotic complication (e.g. heart attack, stroke,
deep venous thrombosis, or Budd-Chiari syndrome) may sometimes be the first
symptom or indication that a person has polycythemia vera. Headaches, lack of
concentration and fatigue are common symptoms that occur in patients with
polycythemia vera as well.
* Erythropoietic porphyria (EP) is a rare inborn error of porphyrin-heme
synthesis inherited that is as an autosomal recessive trait. The inheritance of
2 mutant alleles for the gene encoding the enzyme uroporphyrinogen III synthase
leads to accumulation of porphyrins of the isomer I type that are biologically
useless but cause cutaneous photosensitivity characterized by blisters,
erosions, and scarring of light-exposed skin. Clinical manifestations can range
from mild to severe. Chronic damage of skin, cartilage, and bones can cause
mutilation. Hypertrichosis, erythrodontia, and reddish-colored urine are often
present. Hemolytic anemia can be mild or severe, with resultant splenomegaly and
osseous fragility.
* Escherichia coli is a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped,
coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower
intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endotherms). Most E. coli strains are
harmless, but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts,
and are occasionally responsible for product recalls due to food contamination.
Most E. coli strains do not cause disease, but virulent strains can cause
gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, and neonatal meningitis. It can also
be characterized by severe abdominal cramps, diarrhea that typically turns
bloody within 24 hours, and sometimes fever. In rarer cases, virulent strains
are also responsible for bowel necrosis (tissue death) and perforation without
progressing to hemolytic-uremic syndrome, peritonitis, mastitis, septicemia, and
gram-negative pneumonia.
* Esophageal atresia is a congenital medical condition (birth defect) that
affects the alimentary tract. It causes the esophagus to end in a blind-ended
pouch rather than connecting normally to the stomach. It comprises a variety of
congenital anatomic defects that are caused by an abnormal embryological
development of the esophagus. It is characterized anatomically by a congenital
obstruction of the esophagus with interruption of the continuity of the
esophageal wall. It occurs in approximately 1 in 2500 live births. The presence
of EA is suspected in an infant with excessive salivation (drooling) and in a
newborn with drooling that is frequently accompanied by choking, coughing and
sneezing. When fed, these infants swallow normally but begin to cough and
struggle as the fluid returns through the nose and mouth. The infant may become
cyanotic (turn bluish due to lack of oxygen) and may stop breathing as the
overflow of fluid from the blind pouch is aspirated (sucked into) the trachea.
The cyanosis is a result of laryngospasm (a protective mechanism that the body
has to prevent aspiration into the trachea). Over time respiratory distress will
develop.
* Esophagitis (or oesophagitis) is inflammation of the esophagus. It may be
acute or chronic. Acute esophagitis can be catarrhal or phlegmonous, whereas
chronic esophagitis may be hypertrophic or atrophic. Symptoms include: Heartburn
(pain in chest - retrosternal). Nausea. Postprandial worsening of symptoms.
Symptoms may be relieved by antacids. Esophagitis causes symptoms of abdominal
pain and vomiting. If not treated, it causes discomfort and scarring of the
esophagus. This makes swallowing food more difficult. Forms of infectious
esophagitis are typically seen in immunocompromised people. Types include:
Fungal due to Candida (Esophageal candidiasis), and viral due to either Herpes
simplex (Herpes esophagitis) or Cytomegalovirus. The most common cause is
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD, or GORD in Standard English). If caused
by GERD, the disease is also called reflux esophagitis. Chemical injury by
alkaline or acid solutions may also cause esophagitis, and is usually seen in
children, or in adults who attempt suicide by ingestion of caustic substances.
Physical injury resulting from radiation therapy or by nasogastric tubes may
also be responsible. Pill esophagitis. Hyperacidity. Alcohol abuse. Eosinophilic
esophagitis is a poorly understood form of esophagitis, which is thought to be
related to food allergies. Crohn's disease – a type of IBD which is also an
autoimmune disease where the immune system inflames the gastrointestinal tract –
can cause esophagitis if it attacks the esophagus. Certain medications,
including doxycycline may cause esophagitis if taken incorrectly.
* Esophagopharyngeal diverticulum, pouches that develop in the pharynx just
above the upper esophageal sphincter.
* Exophtalmic goiter or Graves' disease is an immune system disorder that
results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism). Although a
number of disorders may result in hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease is a common
cause. Because thyroid hormones affect a number of different body systems, signs
and symptoms associated with Graves' disease can be wide ranging and
significantly influence your overall well-being. Although Graves' disease may
affect anyone, it's more common among women and before the age of 40. Common
signs and symptoms of Graves' disease include: Anxiety and irritability, A fine
tremor of your hands or fingers, Heat sensitivity and an increase in
perspiration or warm, moist skin, Weight loss, despite normal eating habits,
Enlargement of your thyroid gland (goiter), Change in menstrual cycles, Erectile
dysfunction or reduced libido, Frequent bowel movements, Bulging eyes (Graves'
ophthalmopathy), Thick, red skin usually on the shins or tops of the feet
(Graves' dermopathy), Rapid or irregular heartbeat (palpitations).
* Exostosis, formation of new bone on the surface of a bone.
* Eye abnormalities are the congenital absence of or defects in structures of
the eye; may also be hereditary.
* Eye hemorrhage is bleeding underneath the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva
contains many small, fragile blood vessels that are easily ruptured or broken.
When this happens, blood leaks into the space between the conjunctiva and
sclera. Such a hemorrhage may be caused by a sudden or severe sneeze or cough,
or due to hypertension or as a side effect of blood thinners. It may also be
caused by heavy lifting, vomiting, or even rubbing one's eyes too roughly. In
other cases, it may result from being choked or from straining due to
constipation. Also, it can result as a minor post-operative complication in eye
surgeries such as LASIK. Whereas a bruise typically appears black or blue
underneath the skin, a subconjunctival hemorrhage initially appears bright-red
underneath the transparent conjunctiva. Later, the hemorrhage may spread and
become green or yellow, like a bruise. Usually this disappears within 2 weeks.
Although its appearance may be alarming, in general a subconjunctival hemorrhage
is a painless and harmless condition; however, it may be associated with high
blood pressure, trauma to the eye, or a base of skull fracture if there is no
posterior border of the hemorrhage visible.